Tue, Dec 3, 2024
[Archive]
Volume 3, Issue 3 (SEPTEMBER ISSUE 2022)
johepal 2022, 3(3): 16-36 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Unangst L, Borg N, Casellas Connors I, Barone N. (2022). Diversities at US Colleges and Universities: Online Diversity Statements at Institutions Employing Chief Diversity Officers. johepal. 3(3), 16-36. doi:10.52547/johepal.3.3.16
URL: http://johepal.com/article-1-246-en.html
URL: http://johepal.com/article-1-246-en.html
Abstract: (2936 Views)
In the contemporary U.S. higher education marketplace, college and university mission statements are profiled on almost every institutional website. The extent to which higher education institution (HEI) mission statements reflect isomorphism, attempts at defining market position or unique “conceptual ideas” (Kosmützky, 2012), and similarly, whether they are primarily aspirational, platforms for strategic implementation and institutional meaning-making, or relevant to the experiences of minoritized students are areas of debate in the international literature (Arcimaviciene, 2015; Cortés-Sánchez, 2018; Ortega et al., 2020; Santa-Ramirez et al., 2022). This paper applies quantitative textual analysis to the diversity statements of a subset of American HEIs: those employing a Chief Diversity Officer. We sought to interrogate how concepts such as “race” and “racism” were named and framed by those same statements (Bradley et al., 2018), and indirectly to evidence how students experiencing “race” and “racism” were made visible by institutional descriptions of systems of oppression.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2022/02/1 | Accepted: 2022/08/27 | Published: 2022/09/30
Received: 2022/02/1 | Accepted: 2022/08/27 | Published: 2022/09/30
References
1. Ahmed, S. (2007). The language of diversity. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 30(2), 235-256. [DOI]
2. Ahmed, S. (2012). On being included: Racism and diversity in institutional life. Duke University Press.
3. Allen, B. C. M., Rodriguez, A. J., & Esters, L. T. (2020). Using critical race theory to redefine the standards of professional practice for chief diversity officers. Journal of Critical Scholarship on Higher Education and Student Affairs, 5(3), 95-109. [Article]
4. Arcimaviciene, L. (2015). EU universities’ mission statements. SAGE Open, 5(2), 1-12. [DOI]
5. Azusa Pacific University. (2019). Advancing diversity, equity, and inclusion. https://www.apu.edu/diversity/ [Article]
6. Baylor University. (2019). Commitment to Diversity and Inclusion. https://www.baylor.edu/diversity/index.php?id=934474 [Article]
7. Bhopal, K., & Pitkin, C. (2020). ‘Same old story, just a different policy’: Race and policy making in higher education in the UK. Race Ethnicity and Education, 23(4), 530-547. [DOI]
8. Boatca, M. (2012). Catching up with the (new) west: The German “excellence initiative,” area studies, and the re-production of inequality. Human Architecture: Journal of the Sociology of Self-Knowledge, 10(1), 17-30. [Article]
9. Boykin, C. M., Brown, N. D., Carter, J. T., Dukes, K., Green, D. J., Harrison, T., Hebl, M., McCleary-Gaddy, A., Membere, A., McJunkins, C. A., Simmons, C., Singletary Walker, S., Smith, A. N., & Williams, A. D. (2020). Anti-racist actions and accountability: Not more empty promises. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal, 39(7), 775-786. [DOI]
10. Bradley, S. W., Garven, J. R., Law, W. W., & West, J. E. (2018). The impact of chief diversity officers on diverse faculty hiring (NBER Working Paper No. 24969). National Bureau of Economic Research. [DOI]
11. California State University San Marcos. (2015). Diversity mapping data portrait. https://www.csusm.edu/equity/strategicplan/documents/mappping-final-report-4.28.15-2.pdf [Article]
12. Carnes, M., Fine, E., & Sheridan, J. (2019). Promises and pitfalls of diversity statements: Proceed with caution. Academic Medicine, 94(1), 20-24. [DOI]
13. Ching, C. D., Felix, E. R., Fernandez Castro, M., & Trinidad, A. (2020). Achieving racial equity from the bottom-up? The student equity policy in the California Community Colleges. Educational Policy, 34(6), 819-863. [DOI]
14. Contreras, F. E., Malcom, L. E., & Bensimon, E. M. (2008). Hispanic-serving institutions: Closeted identity and the production of equitable outcomes for Latino/a students. In M. Gasman, B. Baez, & C. S. V. Turner (Eds.), Understanding minority-serving institutions (pp. 71-90). State University of New York Press.
15. Cortés-Sánchez, J. D. (2018). Mission statements of universities worldwide - Text mining and visualization. Intangible Capital, 14(4), 584-603. [DOI]
16. Dowd, A. C., & Bensimon, E. M. (2015). Engaging the “race question”: Accountability and equity in U.S. higher education. Teachers College Press.
17. Dozier, V., Enimil, S., & Fabiku, A. (2022). Critical analysis of ARL member institutions’ diversity statements. In C. Lee, & B. Lym (Eds.), Implementing excellence in diversity, equity, and inclusion: A handbook for academic libraries. (pp. 279-298). Association of Research Libraries.
18. Evans, K., & Unangst, L. (2020). The K-12 to university pipeline in the U.S. context: Implications for refugee students. In L. Unangst, H. Ergin, A. Khajarian, T. DeLaquil, & H. de Wit (Eds.), Refugees and higher education: Transnational perspectives on access, equity and internationalization. Brill-Sense. [DOI]
19. Evatt-Young, D., & Bryson, B. S. (2021). White higher education leaders on the complexities of whiteness and anti-racist leadership. Journal Committed to Social Change on Race and Ethnicity, 7(1), 47-82. [Article]
20. Foste, Z., Duran, A., & Hooten, Z. (2022). Articulating diversity on campus: A critical discourse analysis of diversity statements at historically white institutions. Journal of Diversity in Higher Education. [DOI]
21. Friedensen, R. E. (2017). The cultural construction of diverse other(s): A discourse analysis of institutional policy. [Doctoral dissertations, University of Massachusetts Amherst]. Scholarworks @UMassAmherst. [DOI]
22. Gasman, M., Abiola, U., & Travers, C. (2015). Diversity and senior leadership at elite institutions of higher education. Journal of Diversity in Higher Education, 8(1), 1-14. [DOI]
23. Genesee Community College. (2019). Diversity & inclusion at GCC. https://www.genesee.edu/home/about/administration/diversity-and-inclusion/ [Article]
24. Gettysburg College. (2019). Diversity statement. https://www.gettysburg.edu/offices/diversity-inclusion/diversity-statement [Article]
25. Glasener, K. M., Martell, C. A., & Posselt, J. R. (2019). Framing diversity: Examining the place of race in institutional policy and practice post-affirmative action. Journal of Diversity in Higher Education, 12(1), 3-16. [DOI]
26. Gnage, M. F., & Drumm, K. E. (2010). Hiring for student success: A perspective from community college presidents. New Directions for Community Colleges, 2010(152), 71-80. [DOI]
27. Grim, J. K., Sánchez-Parkinson, L., Ting, M., & Chavous, T. (2019). The experiences of academic diversity officers at the University of Michigan. Currents, 1(1), 131–150. [DOI]
28. Hartley, M. (2002). A call to purpose: Mission-centered change at three liberal arts colleges. Routledge Falmer.
29. Harvard University. (2022). Harvard & the Legacy of Slavery. https://radcliffe-harvard-edu-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/b2c5a41d-8bfd-4d04-933c-858670839e50/HLS-whole-report_FINAL_2022-04-25FINAL-ua.pdf [Article]
30. Heidegger, M. (1962). Being and time. (J. Macquarrie, & E. Robinson, Trans.). Harper & Row. (Original work published 1927)
31. Holcombe, E., Kezar, A., Dizon, J. P. M., Vigil, D., & Ueda, N. (2022). Organizing shared equity leadership: Four approaches to structuring the work. American Council on Education and USC Rossier Pullias Center on Higher Education. [Article]
32. Houston Community College. (2019). Equal opportunity statement. https://www.hccs.edu/departments/institutional-equity/equal-opportunity-statement/ [Article]
33. Iverson, S. V. D. (2005). A policy discourse analysis of U.S. land-grant university diversity action plans. [Doctoral dissertation: University of Maine]. DigitalCommons@UMaine. https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/etd/1769/ [Article]
34. Iverson, S. V. D. (2007). Camouflaging power and privilege: A critical race analysis of university diversity policies. Educational Administration Quarterly, 43(5), 586-611. [DOI]
35. Kosmützky, A. (2012). Between mission and market position: Empirical findings on mission statements of German higher education institutions. Tertiary Education and Management, 18(1), 57-77. [DOI]
36. Kuh, G. D. (2005). Promoting student success: What campus leaders can do (Occasional Paper No. 1). Indiana University Center for Postsecondary Research. [Article]
37. Lentin, A. (2016). Racism in public or public racism: Doing anti-racism in ‘post-racial’ times. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 39(1), 33-48. [DOI]
38. Lindsay, B. (1999). Women chief executives and their approaches towards equity in American universities. Comparative Education, 35(2), 187-199. [DOI]
39. López-Uribe, M. M. (2020). Diversity statements in entomology: What, why, and how. American Entomologist, 66(3), 60-63. [DOI]
40. Lykes, M. B., Lloyd, C. R., & Nicholson, K. M. (2018). Participatory and action research within and beyond the academy: Contesting racism through decolonial praxis and teaching “against the grain”. American Journal of Community Psychology, 62(3-4), 406-418. [DOI]
41. Malcom-Piqueux, L. E., & Bensimon, E. M. (2015). Design principles for equity and excellence at Hispanic-serving institutions. Perspectivas: Issues in Higher Education Policy and Practice, 4, 1-16. [Article]
42. Manning, E. (2008). Creative propositions for thought in motion. INFLeXions, 1(1), 1-24. [Article]
43. Maraña, J. (2016). The lived experiences of women of color chief diversity officers [Claremont Graduate University]. ProQuest Dissertations Publishing.
44. McCall, L. (2005). The complexity of intersectionality. Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, 30(3), 1771-1800. [DOI]
45. Migliarini, V. (2018). ‘Colour-evasiveness’ and racism without race: The disablement of asylum-seeking children at the edge of fortress Europe. Race Ethnicity and Education, 21(4), 438-457. [DOI]
46. Miller, P. (1996). Strategy and the ethical management of human resources. Human Resource Management Journal, 6(1), 5-18. [DOI]
47. Mississippi State University. (2019). Our committment. https://www.oidi.msstate.edu/diversity-msstate/our-commitment/ [Article]
48. Morphew, C. C., & Hartley, M. (2006). Mission statements: A thematic analysis of rhetoric across institutional type. The Journal of Higher Education, 77(3), 456-471. [DOI]
49. Morrish, L., & O’Mara, K. (2011). Queering the discourse of diversity. Journal of Homosexuality, 58(6-7), 974-991. [DOI]
50. Mungo, M. (2017). Deconstructing racism on university websites. In J. Daniels, K. Gregory, & T. McMillan Cottom (Eds.), Digital Sociologies (pp. 233-250). Policy Press.
51. NADOHE. (2021). A Framework for Advancing Anti-Racism Strategy on Campus. National Association of Diversity Officers in Higher Education (NADOHE). [Article]
52. Nixon, M. L. (2017). Experiences of women of color university chief diversity officers. Journal of Diversity in Higher Education, 10(4), 301-317. [DOI]
53. Olson, C. L., Evans, R., & Shoenberg, R. F. (2007). At home in the world: Bridging the gap between internationalization and multicultural education. American Council on Education. [Article]
54. Ortega, G., Taylor, Z. W., & Childs, J. (2022). What are we saying by saying so little? Mission statements, diversity mission statements, and NCAA programs. Journal of Diversity in Higher Education, 15(3), 392-400. [DOI]
55. Othelia Lee, E. K. (2010). More than a mission statement: Implementing diversity and social justice initiatives within a school of social work. Multicultural Education & Technology Journal, 4(4), 261-271. [DOI]
56. Özturgut, O. (2017). Internationalization for diversity, equity, and inclusion. Journal of Higher Education Theory and Practice, 17(6), 83-91. [Article]
57. Parker, E. T. (2019). Structuring diversity: Chief diversity offices as structural responses to a cultural issue. Journal for the Study of Postsecondary and Tertiary Education, 4, 263-277. [DOI]
58. Pineda, P., & Mishra, S. (2022). The semantics of diversity in higher education: Differences between the Global North and Global South. Higher Education. [DOI]
59. Polk State College. (2019). Equity statements. https://www.polk.edu/equity-diversity-inclusion/equity-statements/ [Article]
60. Rezai-Rashti, G., Zhang, B., Abdmolaei, S., & Segeren, A. (2021). A critical policy analysis of the Ontario equity and inclusive strategy: The dynamics of non-performativity. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Leadership Studies, 2(4), 7-25. [DOI]
61. Rockwell, G., & Sinclair, S. (2016). Hermeneutica: Computer-assisted interpretation in the humanities. The MIT Press.
62. Ruiz-Mesa, K. (2016). Discourses of difference: Communicating diversity in U.S. higher education. [Doctoral dissertation: University of Colorado]. CU Scholar University Libraries. [Article]
63. Saint Louis University. (2019). Oath of inclusion. https://www.slu.edu/about/key-facts/diversity/oath-of-inclusion.php [Article]
64. Santa-Ramirez, S., Wells, T., Sandoval, J., & Koro, M. (2022). Working through the experiences of first-generation students of color, university mission, intersectionality, and post-subjectivity. International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education, 35(2), 109-124. [DOI]
65. Schauber, A. C., & Castania, K. (2001). Facing issues of diversity: Rebirthing the extension service. Journal of Extension, 39(6). [Article]
66. Scott, C. (2020). Managing and regulating commitments to equality, diversity and inclusion in higher education. Irish Educational Studies, 39(2), 175-191. [DOI]
67. Seattle University. (2019). Statement on diversity. https://www.seattleu.edu/diversity/task-force/statement-on-diversity/ [Article]
68. Serra, F. A. R., Mazieri, M. R., Scafuto, I. C., Westarb Cruz, J. A., & Pinoti, F. (2022). The mission statement in Catholic higher education organizations and identity challenges. International Journal of Educational Management, 36(6), 984-1001. [DOI]
69. St. Norbert College. (2019). Statement on diversity, equity and inclusion. https://www.snc.edu/diversityaffairs/docs/snc-statement-on-diversity.pdf [Article]
70. Stanford University. (2019). Diversity Statement. https://ourvision.stanford.edu/design-teams/microsites/ideal-homepage/diversity-statement [Article]
71. SUNY New Paltz. (2019). Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion. https://www.newpaltz.edu/diversity/ [Article]
72. SUNY Oswego. (2019). Office of diversity and inclusion. https://www.oswego.edu/diversity/home [Article]
73. Sweem, S. L. (2009). Leveraging employee engagement through a talent management strategy: Optimizing human capital through human resources and organization development Strategy in a Field Study [Benedictine University]. ProQuest Dissertations Publishing
74. Tesfay, I. D. (2021). Chief multicultural officers and how they address campus race relations (Publication No. 28323729) [Doctoral dissertation, University of Massachusetts, Boston]. ProQuest Dissertations Publishing.
75. Unangst, L., & Martínez Alemán, A. M. (2021). Coloniality in the German higher education system: Implications for policy and institutional leadership. Social Inclusion, 9(3), 142-153. [DOI]
76. United Nations General Assembly. (1948). Universal Declaration of Human Rights. https://www.un.org/en/about-us/universal-declaration-of-human-rights [Article]
77. Univeristy of Washington. (2019). Explore Diversity. https://www.washington.edu/diversity/ [Article]
78. University of Illinois. (2019). Inclusive Illinois: One campus many voices. https://www.inclusiveillinois.illinois.edu/mission.html [Article]
79. University of Missouri, Kansas City. (2019). University Statement on Diversity. https://info.umkc.edu/diversity/ [Article]
80. University of Nevada, Las Vegas. (2019). Statement on Diversity in the University Community. https://www.unlv.edu/about/statements-compliance [Article]
81. University of South Dakota. (2019). Diversity & Inclusiveness Statement. https://www.usd.edu/diversity-and-inclusiveness/diversity-and-inclusiveness-statement [Article]
82. University of Wisconsin, Madison. (2019). Institutional Statement on Diversity. https://diversity.wisc.edu/ [Article]
83. Whitman College. (2020). Policies and statements. https://www.whitman.edu/about/policies-and-statements [Article]
84. Wilkerson, E. A., & Evans, C. A. (2018). A content analysis of mission statements in nonprofit education. Journal of Nonprofit Education and Leadership, 8(1), 80-92. [DOI]
85. Williams, D. A., & Wade-Golden, K. C. (2007). The chief diversity officer: A primer for college and university presidents. American Council on Education. [Article]
86. Williams, M. M. (2013). "Why can't we get more minority applicants for our openings?" African American leadership at rural and least culturally diverse community college administrations: Staying or leaving. ProQuest Dissertations Publishing.
87. Wilson, J. L., Meyer, K. A., & McNeal, L. (2012). Mission and diversity statements: What they do and do not say. Innovative Higher Education, 37(2), 125-139. [DOI]
88. Yao, C. W., George Mwangi, C. A., & Malaney Brown, V. K. (2019). Exploring the intersection of transnationalism and critical race theory: A critical race analysis of international student experiences in the United States. Race Ethnicity and Education, 22(1), 38-58. [DOI]
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
